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Torsion conjecture
In algebraic geometry and number theory, the torsion conjecture or uniform boundedness conjecture for abelian varieties states that the order of the torsion group of an abelian variety over a number field can be bounded in terms of the dimension of the variety and the number field. A stronger version of the conjecture is that the torsion is bounded in terms of the dimension of the variety and the degree of the number field.
==Elliptic curves==
The (strong) torsion conjecture has been completely resolved in the case of elliptic curves. proved uniform boundedness for elliptic curves over the rationals. His techniques were generalized by and , who obtained uniform boundedness for quadratic fields and number fields of degree at most 8 respectively. Finally, proved the conjecture for elliptic curves over any number field. The proof centers around a careful study of the rational points on classical modular curves. An effective bound for the size of the torsion group in terms of the degree of the number field was given by .
Mazur provided a complete list of possible torsion subgroups for rational elliptic curves. If ''C''''n'' denotes the cyclic group of order ''n'', then the possible torsion subgroups are ''C''''n'' with 1 ≤ ''n'' ≤ 10, and also ''C''12; and the direct sum of ''C''2 with ''C''2, ''C''4, ''C''6 or ''C''8. In the opposite direction, all these torsion structures occur infinitely often over Q, since the corresponding modular curves are all genus zero curves with a rational point. A complete list of possible torsion groups is also available for elliptic curves over quadratic number fields, and there are substantial partial results for cubic and quartic number fields .
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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